A botanical Paradise – No Greenhouse Required
Andros Island, the largest island of the Bahamas, is characterized by its dense, untouched vegetation. The subtropical 2300 square miles consist of five major forms of vegetation life, which include: Pineland, Savannah, Coppice, Swash and Mangrove. Fifty percent of North Andros is engrossed and distinguished by its uniquely uninhabited Pinelands and Coppice. The thick, densely populated forests of the Pinelands and Coppice occupy the central sector of North Andros. On the relatively level points of the forest regions is where the Pinelands are known to inhabit. Coppice is notoriously found on slighted elevated and inferior areas of the forest region. Many of the trees and plants found in both the Pineland and Coppice are used for resources such as Bahamian Pine and Stiff Cock.
The following pictures provide an example of the vegetation life native to the Pinelands and Coppice of North Andros Island.
Bahamian Pine
Scientific name: Pinus caribaeu
The Bahamian Pine is the most dominate vegetation known to North Andros. Unlike the typical pines of the States, the Bahamian Pine grows at slow rate. It also grows in height at approximately fifty feet instead of width. Its diameter reaches a maximum of about two feet. It is easily identified by it two to three needles per bundle.One important aspect of the Bahamian Pine is its strong insect resistance and durability. Due to these characteristics the Bahamian Pine has been widely cultivated for lumber and pulp-wood. In 1975 all harvesting of the Bahamian Pined ceased in order to preserve the beauty of the Pinelands of North Andros. Another tactic in preserving the Bahamian Pine was a strategy in which every tree was cut down except for every twentieth tree. By using this strategy the parent trees exemplified their form of fertilization. Currently the Bahamian Pine has grown and multiplied and makes up the majority of the Pinelands.
Poison Wood
Scientific name: Metormium toxiferum
Poison Wood, another commonly known plant of the Pinelands, is a member of the common name cashew family that also includes other plants such as mango, pistachio, ivy and sumac. Poison Wood is identified by its five to seven compound leaflets that are covered with dark brown and black spots. A light yellow midrib and light green underside is another characteristic used to identify the plant. Poison Wood contains a toxic residue that will cause a rash, blisters, and itching similar to the symptoms of Poison Ivy and Poison Oak.
Gumbo Limbo, Tourist Tree
Scientific name: Bursera simaruba
From the dense Pinelands to small patches of Coppice, Gumbo Limbo is found to be a native to all of North Andros as seen during studies. The Gumbo Limbo is recognized by its unusual red, peeling bark. The natives of the Bahamas nick-named the Gumbo Limbo the "Tourist Tree" because when tourist visit the Bahamas they become sunburned and peel and resemble the Gumbo Limbo. The natives have also used the gums and resins of the Gumbo Limbo in the process of making glass. The resin from the Tourist Tree has also been used as a blood coagulant, thickener.
Stiff Cock
Scientific name: Diospyros crassenevis
Along with Featherbed and Boa Wood, Stiff Cock is a member of the Ebony Family. Stiff Cock has leaves that are extremely course and hard. The plant is known for its potent smell. Natives are known to use the plant for medicinal purposes. They pick and dry the leaves to use for a tea like potion in hopes to cure symptoms that Viagra would be used.
Sea Grape
Scientific name: Coccoloba uvifera
Sea Grape has the tendency to grow in certain ways according to its surroundings. On the seashores, the Sea Grape grows as a small shrub, yet on the inland areas it can grow up to fifty feet. The leaves have a very distinct shape which most tourist notice. The leaves are seven to twenty centimeters in length and are completely rounded. They are very smooth to the touch and have a somewhat shiny surface. This tree gets its name form the fruit that it produces. When the female flowers are fertilized they develop into large clusters which resemble grapes.
Pine Pink
Scientific name: Bletia purpurea
This plant is part of the Orchid family. It has a very bright pink inflorescence and grows about two feet tall. This plant lives near the roadside and stands out greatly. It is very noticeable when driving on the highways. This is due to the fact that it is one of the few orchids that live in the Bahamas.
Love-vine
Scientific name: Cassytha filiformis
Along with avocado, cinnamon, and sassafras, love-vine is in the lauraceae family. This vine uses its tendrils to attach itself to other shrubs or trees. It is one of the few parasitic vines in this family. It is distinguished by its bright yellow color. The Bahamians believe that this vine can serve medicinal purposes as an aphrodisiac or a soothing bath to relieve itching. There is a legend on the island concerning the vine. People who are in love are supposed to break off a section of the vine, make a wish, and throw the vine back into the vegetation. After several weeks the person is to return and if the vine is growing their wish will come true and vise versa.
Thatch palm
Scientific name: Thrinax morrisii
The Thatch palm, along with many other palms and palmettos, is part of the Palmae family. The Thatch Palm is in almost every pineland area in the Bahamas. Its growth depends on the area in which it is living. The fronds of the palm are silvery on bottom and are very firm and straight. The petiole of the thatch palm extends off a stalk like structure. The Thatch Palm is also distinguished by a split in the stem near the base of the tree.
Below is a survey taken from an area of pinelands on Andros Island, Bahamas:
Saw Palmetto- Serenoa repens
Pigeon Plum or Dove Plum- Coccoloba diversifola
Inkwood- Exothea paniculatat
Five Fingers- Tabebuia bahamensis
Voodoo Plant, Voodoo Flower- Stachytarpheta jamaicensis
Wild Papaya- Cerica papaya
Moses in a Cradle- Rhoeo discolor
Sea Oak, Australian Beach Oak- Casuarina littorea
Sisal- Aguava sisalana
Ink Berry- Scaevola sericea
Sensitive Plant- Mimosa pudica
Guava- Psidium guajava
Canker Bean- Solanum bahamense
Pencil Tree, Milk Tree (South Africa)- Euphorbia tirucalli
Pond Apple-Ammona glabra
Cotton Tree, Seaside Mahoe- Thespesia populnea
Salt Wort- Batis maritime
Devils Potatoe Root, Dream Vine-Echites umbellate
Ylang Ylang- Cananga odorata
Spider Lily- Hymenocallis arenicola
Sweet Banana- Musa paradisiaca
False Wild Guava- Tretrazygia bicolor
Breadfruit- Artocarpus altilis
Passion Flower Vines- Passiflora suberosa
Pomegranata- Punica granatam
Mistletoe- Phoradendrum northropiae
Virginia Creeper- Parthenocissus quinquefolia
Wild Grape- Vitis munsoniana
Morning Glory- Iopmoea indica
Within the Pinelands and Coppice one can find many different forms of wild life such as birds like the turkey vulture and reptiles such as the anole.
Turkey Vulture
Scientific name: Cathartes aura
The Turkey Vulture, the only a member of the Cathartidae family on the island, is extremely common to the pinelands and coppice of North Andros. Similar to the United States eagle or hawk in size, the vulture is identified by its black feathers and its bare head. Eating mainly dead carcass, the turkey vulture is a vital part of keeping Andros clean.
Brown Anole
Scientific name: Anolis sagrei ordinatus The brown anole is a member of the Iguanidae and is often found in trees, shrubs, and logs on Calabash Cay and Morgan's Cave. It is characterized by its tan to dark brown skin and it ranges in size from 5 to 8 inches. The brown anole usually feasts on ants, spiders, and beetles.